Authors:
Hutto, S.V., K.D. Higgason, J.M. Kershner, W.A. Reynier, D.S. Gregg
This vulnerability assessment is a science-based effort to identify how and why focal resources
(habitats, species, and ecosystem services) across the North-central California coast and ocean
region are likely to be affected by future climate conditions. The goal of this assessment is to
provide expert-driven, scientifically sound assessments to enable marine resource managers to
respond to, plan, and manage for the impacts of climate change to habitats, species, and
ecosystem services within the region. This information can help prioritize management actions,
and can help managers understand why a given resource may or may not be vulnerable to a
changing climate, enabling a more appropriate and effective management response. Climate
change vulnerability of 44 focal resources, including eight habitats, populations of 31 species,
and five ecosystem services was assessed by considering exposure and sensitivity to climate
changes and non-climate stressors and adaptive capacity. The 44 focal resources were identified
and assessed by representatives from federal and state agencies, non-governmental organizations
and academic institutions. Coastal habitats in the study region, including beaches and dunes,
estuaries, and the rocky intertidal, along with associated species and ecosystem services, were
identified through this assessment as being most vulnerable, and will likely be prioritized for
future management action.
Key Words:
Climate change, climate-smart, adaptation, vulnerability assessment, Gulf of the Farallones
National Marine Sanctuary, GFNMS, climate impact, focal resources, habitats, species,
ecosystem services